
Precision Measurement Service
This page introduces the fundamental knowledge about precision inspection and measurement performed at TDC.
For TDC’s achievements in surface roughness and flatness, please refer to the pages “TDC’s Surface Roughness Achievements” and “What Precision Can Be Achieved with Polishing?“.
What is Precision Measurement?
Precision measurement generally refers to the process of measuring and inspecting the dimensions, shapes, and surface irregularities of machine parts requiring high-precision machining, either during or after processing.
Precision Measurements Conducted at TDC
At TDC, we provide “ultra-precision lapping and ultra-precision polishing services,” developed through our proprietary technologies and extensive experience. During processing, we perform various precision measurements as outlined below to ensure the required quality is guaranteed before delivery.
- Surface Roughness Measurement
- Flatness Measurement
- Surface Roughness Measurement Using AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy)
Surface Roughness Measurement
The surface of a workpiece typically contains complex irregularities formed by peaks and valleys of varying heights, depths, and intervals. These minute undulations, quantified using various criteria, are referred to as “surface roughness.”
Surface roughness is a critical parameter that impacts product durability, machine efficiency, surface gloss, and tactile feel. In the field of ultra-precision machining, surface roughness measurement is an indispensable process.
Surface roughness measurement methods can be broadly classified into two categories:
- Contact Measurement
- This method uses a diamond-tipped stylus, called a probe, to trace the surface of the sample directly, measuring its unevenness. It is widely employed in surface roughness evaluations.
- Non-Contact Measurement
- This method uses light, such as laser microscopes based on confocal principles or white light interferometers that utilize white light interference.
At TDC, we possess both types of measurement equipment, enabling us to handle all kinds of surface roughness measurements effectively.
Flatness Measurement
At TDC, we frequently handle projects requiring “unparalleled, ultra-precise flatness” that cannot be achieved by other companies.
We are equipped with flatness measurement instruments such as 3D Coordinate Measuring Machines and Laser Interferometers, allowing us to perform precise measurements tailored to customer requirements and workpiece specifications.
In addition to measurement, we offer services such as flatness correction processing, geometric tolerance adjustments, mirror finishing, and prototype production. Please feel free to consult us for your specific needs.
Surface Roughness Measurement Using AFM
AFM is a type of scanning probe microscope.
Using an ultra-fine probe to scan the surface of a sample, the AFM converts the forces between the probe and the sample’s atoms into electrical signals, enabling observation of the surface’s shape.
Since AFM measures using atomic forces present between all materials, it can easily handle a wide range of samples regardless of conductivity, including conductors, semiconductors, and insulators. It provides three-dimensional measurements at the nanoscale.
Measurement Equipment Owned by TDC
For details about the equipment we use at TDC, please refer to the links below:
In addition to providing precision surface roughness and flatness measurements, we also accept requests for precision measurement and inspection services only. Please feel free to contact us.
with nano-level precision polishing.
and production from single units to mass production.
Other Measurement Methods
In addition to the previously mentioned methods, various other precision measurement techniques are employed, such as:
- 3D Measurement
- Image Measurement
- Contour Measurement
- 2D CAD Comparison
- 3D CAD Comparison
- Geometric Tolerance Measurement
3D Measurement
Using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM), dimensions are measured based on drawings or 3D models.
This method accommodates a wide range of applications, from small, precision-demanding components to large-scale products, making it indispensable across industries. TDC is equipped to handle such measurements.
Image Measurement
Image measurement devices and probes are used to perform non-contact, two-dimensional measurements.
This method, which employs lasers, allows for height measurement, contour measurement, automated programmed measurements, and multi-point measurements.
By attaching an image measurement probe to a CMM’s probe head, even large printed materials or film-like products that cannot be measured with standard image measurement machines can undergo non-contact 2D imaging measurement.
Contour Measurement
Contour measurement involves tracing the surface of an object to accurately determine its shape. This is achieved using contour measuring instruments, 3D measuring machines, image measuring machines, or optical 3D digitizers for scanning.
The collected data is processed using specialized software, enabling precise dimensional analysis or alignment with reference models.
Key Terms Related to Precision Measurement
Below are some commonly used terms and phrases in the field of precision measurement:
- Error
The difference obtained by subtracting the “true value” from the measured value. Approximated values are typically treated as errors. - Accuracy
Refers to the smallness of bias. It indicates the degree of agreement between the true value and the average of measured values. - Precision
Represents the smallness of variability. This term describes the consistency among measured values, irrespective of their proximity to the true value. - Measurement Accuracy
A comprehensive term that combines both the accuracy and precision of the values displayed by a measuring instrument or the measurement results. - Repeatability
The degree of consistency between individual measured values when the same measurement is repeated multiple times by the same operator, using the same instrument, on the same target, under the same conditions, within a short period. - Reproducibility
The degree of agreement among measured values when the same target is measured under different measurement conditions. - Replicability
The degree of agreement among measured values when a measurement setup is altered (e.g., changing the target or instrument) and then restored to its original state for re-measurement at a different time.
with nano-level precision polishing.
and production from single units to mass production.
TDC Information
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